StudentShare
Contact Us
Sign In / Sign Up for FREE
Search
Go to advanced search...
Free

This week you learned about the central nervous system, i.e., brain structure and neurotransmitters - Essay Example

Cite this document
Summary
Reduced levels of glutamate cause Bipolar Disorder, which is a mood disorder that entails longs periods of intense depression that alternate with manic episodes that encompass extreme excitement. Bipolar Disorder is formerly referred to as manic depression. Manic experiences…
Download full paper File format: .doc, available for editing
GRAB THE BEST PAPER97.1% of users find it useful
This week you learned about the central nervous system, i.e., brain structure and neurotransmitters
Read Text Preview

Extract of sample "This week you learned about the central nervous system, i.e., brain structure and neurotransmitters"

Neurotransmitters Neurotransmitters Identify the Neurotransmitter Location of Neurotransmitter Effect of Neurotransmitter Functionof NeurotransmitterPossible mental health, emotional, behavioral, or physical issues resulting from too much or too little of the neurotransmitterAcetylcholine (ACH)Primarily located in the spinal cord, brain, peripheral nervous system, mostly found in certain organs found in the parasympathetic nervous system.Causes excitement in the brain, as well as the autonomic nervous system.

Its effects on other systems are rather inhibitory. It also facilitates muscle movement (Elias & Saucier, 2005). Aids muscle movements, facilitates enhanced levels of memory capacity, as well as cognitive functioning.In case of production of low amounts of ACH, Alzheimer’s disease may be the consequent. Alzheimer’s is characterized by in-cognitive body functioning and inconsistent muscle movements. GlutamatePrimarily located in the brain and spinal cord.Causes excitement in the brain. Conducts excitatory purposes and aids high levels of memory.

Reduced levels of glutamate cause Bipolar Disorder, which is a mood disorder that entails longs periods of intense depression that alternate with manic episodes that encompass extreme excitement. Bipolar Disorder is formerly referred to as manic depression. Manic experiences entail rapid and sudden escalation of emotional state that entails extreme euphoria, physical energy, excitement as rapid speech, as well as thoughts. Major depression episodes entail persistent and extreme levels of depression and stress.

Glutamate also has the capacity to increase or reduce strength. Gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA)Located in the brain and spinal cord.Acts as the chief and fast inhibitory synapse in nearly all regions of the brain (Saladin, 2009). The neurotransmitter used in enhancing or deterring actions such as eating, aggression and sleep.GABA modifies a number of behaviors that span from eating to aggression.   High amounts of GABA in the system facilitate sedation or tranquility. Most tranquilizers and sedatives such as Valium contain GABA.

Alcohol also contains GABA, which is credited with behavioral alterations after alcohol intake. Dopamine(DA)Located in the brain.Acts as an inhibitory, as well as an excitatory element in the brain. Plays an integral role in controlling movement, controls aspects of pleasure within the body through reward attention (Saladin, 2009).Side effects associated with using Dopamine include among others Severe allergic reactions evidenced through hives; breathing difficulties; rash; tightness in the chest; itching; swelling of the tongue, mouth, lips, face; chest pain; dizziness; an irregular heartbeat; pain, discoloration, or swelling from the points of injection.

Dysfunctions in the dopamine system also result in disorders and diseases such as schizophrenia and Parkinson’s disease (Elias & Saucier, 2005). SerotoninFound in the brain and spinal cord.Primarily acts as an inhibitory agent.Serotonin plays a key role in the inhibition of eating, sleeping, depression, mood and pain. In humans being excessive quantities of Serotonin result in states such as excessive vomiting anxiety, aggression, appetite, migraines, depression, pain and sleep.EndorphinsFound in the brain and spinal cordTypically acts as an inhibitory agent, except in hippocampus.

Results in the suppression of pain,   facilitates pleasurable feelings, placebos and enhances appetite.Endorphins are recognized for playing an essential role in the depersonalization disorder. Antagonists of an opioid such naloxone and naltrexone are notable as having the capacity to treat depersonalization successfully (Saladin, 2009). The effects of endorphins are remarkable in persons suffering from depersonalization. Symptoms of depersonalization disappear entirely upon the administration of endorphins, which results in remarkable recovery levels.

For instance, naloxone’s therapeutic effects are assertive of the integral role of endogenous opiods in the pathogenesis of the disorder (depersonalization). ReferencesElias, L. J, & Saucier, D. M. (2005). Neuropsychology: Clinical and experimental foundations. Boston: Pearson.Saladin, K. S. (2009). Anatomy and physiology: The Unity of form and function. New York: McGraw Hill.

Read More
Cite this document
  • APA
  • MLA
  • CHICAGO
(“This week you learned about the central nervous system, i.e., brain Essay”, n.d.)
This week you learned about the central nervous system, i.e., brain Essay. Retrieved from https://studentshare.org/psychology/1594905-this-week-you-learned-about-the-central-nervous-system-ie-brain-structure-and-neurotransmitters
(This Week You Learned about the Central Nervous System, i.E., Brain Essay)
This Week You Learned about the Central Nervous System, i.E., Brain Essay. https://studentshare.org/psychology/1594905-this-week-you-learned-about-the-central-nervous-system-ie-brain-structure-and-neurotransmitters.
“This Week You Learned about the Central Nervous System, i.E., Brain Essay”, n.d. https://studentshare.org/psychology/1594905-this-week-you-learned-about-the-central-nervous-system-ie-brain-structure-and-neurotransmitters.
  • Cited: 0 times

CHECK THESE SAMPLES OF This week you learned about the central nervous system, i.e., brain structure and neurotransmitters

Drugs and brain

The human brain is part of the nervous system enclosed in the cranium and consists of a soft convoluted mass of gray and white matter weighing around three pounds.... Normally, the brain communicates through neurotransmitters, which are recycled once they have performed their function.... The former has a lot of impact to the brain of the user regardless of the amount used, the duration taken or the status of the user.... Drugs acts on the brain by altering the normal functioning of the body which can be either sudden or with time....
5 Pages (1250 words) Research Paper

Characteristics of Neurotransmitters

Therefore, the relationship between schizophrenia and dopamine is the chemical imbalance; whose symptoms from the several neurotransmitters neurotransmitters The neurotransmitters are chemical substances that permit the flow of signals between the neurons across the synapses.... hellip; a is a complex psychological disorder that results from the chemical imbalance in the brain cells leading to an over secretion of the neurotransmitter....
1 Pages (250 words) Essay

Drug Use and Neurotransmitters This is Your Brain on Drugs

In turn, the modification of this group of neurons leads to more dependency as a result of Cocaine Use and neurotransmitters Cocaine is identified as one of the moist addictive drugs used by humans and acts through the inhibition of neurotransmitter uptake, including serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine.... By binding to the receptors involved in reuptake of these neurotransmitters, cocaine prevents… This results in the amplification of normal dopamine effects on the post-synaptic neuron....
2 Pages (500 words) Research Paper

Brain Functions in Depression

Pathophysiology of depression suggests that depression is due to disturbances in the brain's central nervous system (CNS) where neurotransmitters, for instance, serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine are affected.... These arguments will show the functions of the brain and the changes due to depression.... The need to determine the part of the brain that is abnormal during depression led to scientists and neurologists use positron emission tomographic images (PET)....
5 Pages (1250 words) Coursework

Brain Response of Behavior: The LivePsych 2.3

Even though much is known about the process of controlling neurotransmitter synthesis and release, it is poorly understood about the enzymes that degrade peptide neurotransmitters (p, 2130, EBSCO database).... " paper explains a communication process of neurons in the brain, lists some neurotransmitters, and describes their effect on behavior.... These neurotransmitters are chemicals that can transmit messages (information) across the junction- synapse- and separates one nerve cell from another nerve cell (EBSCO database)....
5 Pages (1250 words) Assignment

Why Are Neurotransmitters Important

The paper “Why Are neurotransmitters Important?... Going back to the “cause and effect”, once neurotransmitters are released (cause) a specific action (effect) is expected.... hellip; The author explains that neurotransmitters are chemicals that send signals and impulses from one neuron to another cell.... eurotransmitters are important because they are involved in the transmission of impulses between neurons and from neuron to other body cells as only neurotransmitters can pass through synaptic space and neuromuscular junction....
9 Pages (2250 words) Assignment

The Importance of the Human Nervous System

This essay "The Importance of the Human Nervous System" discusses the human nervous system that is separated into the central nervous system, consisting of the peripheral nervous system, and the spinal cord which contains the whole nervous construction outer part of the central nervous system.... Clearly, the nervous system of the human body is of the highest importance.... The advantage of having a nervous system is that it supplies the chief managing structure to the human body....
7 Pages (1750 words) Essay

The Psychobehavioral Roles of One Neurotransmitter

However, abnormal levels in neurotransmitters are often associated with mental disorders.... So how does psychoactive drug affects neurotransmitters?... hese drugs generally impact on neurotransmitters by interfering with the way neurotransmitter affects the cell.... This drug also hinders or affects the normal functions of neurotransmitter structure, for instance, the serotonergic system.... hellip; Neurotransmitter directly or indirectly influences neurons in a specific portion of the brain, leading to a behavioural response....
6 Pages (1500 words) Essay
sponsored ads
We use cookies to create the best experience for you. Keep on browsing if you are OK with that, or find out how to manage cookies.
Contact Us